汤奕;邓克愚;孙华东;易俊;贺庆;

• 1:东南大学电气工程学院
• 2:中国电力科学研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

智能电网环境下智能电表和智能家电等智能终端设备在用户侧的推广应用,为电力系统安全稳定控制提供了丰富的动态响应信息。文章将智能需求响应技术与第3道防线中的低频减载措施相结合,利用负荷侧的快速响应资源与第3道防线进行协调控制,提出一种考虑智能家电响应的新型低频减载方案。基于智能电表与电网之间可双向通信的特点,控制智能家电主动提前响应系统的调控需求,通过与传统低频减载方案的协调,可阻止系统频率的大幅度跌落并尽快恢复至额定值附近,提高了系统运行的灵活性和可靠性。时域仿真表明该低频减载方案能够适应电网复杂的运行环境,快速有效地抑制故障下的频率跌落,减少切负荷代价。

关键词(KeyWords)： 智能家电;智能电表;需求响应;低频减载

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家863高技术基金项目(2011AA05A115);; 国家电网公司科技项目(基于智能化切负荷的低频、低压减载理论与方法研究)~~

作者(Author): 汤奕;邓克愚;孙华东;易俊;贺庆;

Email:

DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2013.10.017

参考文献(References)：

• [1]薛禹胜.时空协调的大停电防御框架(一)从孤立防线到综合防御[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(1):8-16.Xue Yusheng.Space-time coordinative framework for defendingblackouts,part I:from isolated defense lines to coordinateddefending[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(1):8-16(in Chinese).
• [2]汤涌.电力系统安全稳定综合防御体系框架[J].电网技术,2012,36(8):1-5.Tang Yong.Framework of comprehensive defense architecture forpower system security and stability[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(8):1-5(in Chinese).
• [3]Sanaye-pasand M.Scrutiny of Iranian national grid[J].IEEE Powerand Energy Magazine,2007,5(1):31-39.
• [4]赵强,张丽,王琦,等.系统负荷频率特性对电网频率稳定性的影响[J].电网技术,2011,35(3):69-73.Zhao Qiang,Zhang Li,Wang Qi,et al.Impact of load frequencycharacteristics on frequency stability of power systems[J].PowerSystem Technology,2011,35(3):69-73(in Chinese).
• [5]方勇杰,鲍颜红,徐泰山,等.人工紧急调控与自动紧急控制协同防御[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(22):6-11.Fang Yongjie,Bao Yanhong,Xu Taishan,et al.Coordinatedprevention based on manual and automatic emergency control[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(22):6-11(inChinese).
• [6]Infield D G,Short J,Home C,et al,Potential for Domestic DynamicDemand-Side Management in the UK[C]//Power engineering SocietyGeneral Meeting.Tampa:IEEE,2007:1-6.
• [7]Govender P,Ramballee A,Moodley S.A.A load shedding controllerfor management of residential loads during peak demand periods[C]//7th AFRICON Conference in Africa.Gaborone:AFRICON,2004:729-734.
• [8]Short J A,Infield D G,Freris L L.Stabilization of grid frequencythrough dynamic demand control[J].IEEE Transactions on PowerSystems,2007,22(3):1284-1293.
• [9]Trudnowski D,Donnelly M,Lightner E.Power-system frequency andstability control using decentralized intelligent loads[C]//Transmissionand Distribution Conference and Exhibition,2005/2006 IEEE PES.Dallas:IEEE,2006:1453-1459.
• [10]Mathieu J L,Koch S,Callaway D S,State estimation and control ofelectric loads to manage real-time energy imbalance[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2013,28(1):430-440.
• [11]Samarakoon K,Ekanayake J,Jenkins N,Investigation of domesticload control to provide primary frequency response using smartmeters[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2012,3(1):282-292.
• [12]Le-Ren Chang-Chien,Luu Ngoc An,Ta-Wei Lin,et al.Incorporatingdemand response with spinning reserve to realize an adaptivefrequency restoration plan for system contingencies[J].IEEETransactions on Smart Grid,2012,3(3):1145-1153.
• [13]王思彤,周晖,袁瑞铭,等.智能电表的概念及应用[J].电网技术,2010,34(4):17-23.Wang Sitong,Zhou Hui,Yuan Ruiming,et al.Concept and applicationof smart meter[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(4):17-23(inChinese).
• [14]程时杰,李兴源,张之哲.智能电网统一信息系统的电网信息全域共享和综合应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(1):8-14.Cheng Shijie,Li Xingyuan,Zhang Zhizhe.Entire-grid-areainformation-sharing and integrated applications in united informationsystem for smart grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(1):8-14(in Chinese).
• [15]王广辉,李保卫,胡泽春,等.未来智能电网控制中心面临的挑战和形态演变[J].电网技术,2011,35(8):1-5.Wang Guanghui,Li Baowei,Hu Zechun,et al.Challenges and futureevolution of control center under smart grid environment[J].PowerSystem Technology,2011,35(8):1-5(in Chinese).
• [16]周海锋,倪腊琴,徐泰山.电力系统功率频率动态特性研究[J].电网技术,2009,33(16):58-62.Zhou Haifeng,Ni Laqin,Xu Taishan.Study on power-frequencydynamic characteristic of power grid[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(16):58-62(in Chinese).
• [17]张恒旭,刘玉田.电力系统动态频率响应时空分布特征量化描述[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(7):64-70.Zhang Hengxu,Liu Yutian.Quantitative description of space-timedistribution features of dynamic frequency response[J].Proceedingsof the CSEE,2009,29(7):64-70(in Chinese).
• [18]赵强,王丽敏,刘肇旭,等.全国电网互联系统频率特性及低频减载方案[J].电网技术,2009,33(8):35-40.Zhao Qiang,Wang Limin,Liu Zhaoxu,et al.Study on dynamicfrequency characteristics and coordinative under-frequency loadshedding scheme for nationwide interconnected power grid ofChina[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(8):35-40(in Chinese).
• [19]秦明亮,杨秀朝.减少低频减载方案过切的措施研究[J].电网技术,2002,26(3):83-86.Qin Mingliang,Yang Xiuchao.Measures to reduce over-sheddingcaused by under-frequency load shedding project[J].Power SystemTechnology,2002,26(3):83-86(in Chinese).
• [20]袁季修.防御大停电的广域保护和紧急控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2007:141-175.
• [21]Donnelly M,Boyd P A,Lu N,et al.Grid friendly applianceTM(GFA)controller development[EB/OL].[2013].http://www.electricity.doe.gov/documents/TRPeerReviewOverviews/donnelly.pdf.
• [22]Vijayananda W M T,Samarakoon K,Ekanayake J.Development ofa demonstration rig for providing primary frequency response throughsmart meters[C]//2010 45th International Universities PowerEngineering Conference(UPEC).Cardiff:IEEE,2010:1-6.
• [23]Xu Z,Ostergaard J,Togeby M,et al.Design and modelling ofthermostatically controlled loads as frequency controlledreserve[C]//Power engineering Society General Meeting.Tampa:IEEE,2007:1-6.
• [24]Seyedi H,Sanaye-Pasand M.New centralised adaptive load-sheddingalgorithms to mitigate power system blackouts[J].IET Gener.Transm.Distrib.,2009,3(1):99-114.