考虑不确定因素下含充换储一体化电站的微网能量优化Economic Operation of Microgrid Containing Charging-Swapping-Storage Integrated Station Under Uncertain Factors of Wind Farm and Photovoltaic Generation
刘方;杨秀;时珊珊;张美霞;邓虹;郭鹏超;
摘要(Abstract):
电动汽车直接接入电网并不能实现真正意义上的低碳,将电动汽车通过充换电站(battery charging-swapping station,BCSS)接入微网就地消纳可再生能源,并和储能电站(energy storage station,ESS)组成电动汽车充换储一体化电站(charging-swapping-storage integrated station,CSSIS)作为微网的储能系统,能够降低电动汽车对微网运行的影响,同时提高储能可调节容量。针对微网内风机、光伏的不确定性以及负荷的波动性,建立了基于机会约束规划的经济优化模型,以一定置信水平下满足备用需求作为可靠性约束,基于峰谷分时电价优化一体化电站和燃料电池出力,并确定联络线交互功率。对CSSIS充放电功率在BCSS和ESS之间进行分配时,应用滑动窗口法优先调度BCSS充放电,安排ESS承担剩余功率,从而使BCSS具有较稳定的运行环境,也为ESS提供可调节容量支撑。以一个具体微网为例验证了所提策略的有效性。
关键词(KeyWords): 微网;优化运行;机会约束规划;充换储一体化电站;滑动窗口
基金项目(Foundation): 国家863高技术基金项目(2011AA05A106);; 国家电网公司科技项目(H2013-042)~~
作者(Author): 刘方;杨秀;时珊珊;张美霞;邓虹;郭鹏超;
Email:
DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2015.03.013
参考文献(References):
- [1]Katiraei Farid,Iravani Reza,Hatziargyriou Nikos,et al.Microgrids management[J].IEEE Power&Energy Magazine,2008,6(3):54-65.
- [2]杨新法,苏剑,吕志鹏,等.微电网技术综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):57-70.Yang Xinfa,Su Jian,LüZhipeng.Overview on micro-grid technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):57-70(in Chinese).
- [3]吴小刚,刘宗歧,田立亭,等.独立光伏系统光储容量优化配置方法[J].电网技术,2014,38(5):1271-1276.Wu Xiaogang,Liu Zongqi,Tian Liting,et al.Optimized capacity configuration of photovoltaic generation and energy storage device for stand-alone photovoltaic generation system[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(5):1271-1276(in Chinese).
- [4]熊猛,高峰,张海峰,等.基于混合储能系统的风电场调度策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(5):1242-1249.Xiong Meng,Gao Feng,Zhang Haifeng,et al.Hybrid energy storage based generation scheduling of wind farms[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(5):1242-1249(in Chinese).
- [5]高赐威,吴茜.电动汽车换电模式研究综述[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):891-898.Gao Ciwei,Wu Xi.A survey on battery-swapping mode of electric vehicles[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):891-898(in Chinese).
- [6]王锡凡,邵成成,王秀丽,等.电动汽车充电负荷与调度控制策略综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(1):1-10.Wang Xifan,Shao Chengcheng,Wang Xiuli,et al.Survey of electric vehicle charging load and dispatch control strategies[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(1):1-10(in Chinese).
- [7]肖湘宁,陈征,刘念.可再生能源与电动汽车充放电设施在微电网中的集成模式与关键问题[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(2):1-14.Xiao Xiangning,Chen Zheng,Liu Nian.Integrated mode and key issues of renewable energy sources and electric vehicles charging and discharging facilities in microgrid[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(2):1-14(in Chinese).
- [8]徐智威,胡泽春,宋永华,等.充电站内电动汽车有序充电策略[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(11):38-43.Xu Zhiwei,Hu Zechun,Song Yonghua,et al.Coordinated charging of plug-in electric vehicles in charging stations[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(11):38-43(in Chinese).
- [9]陈光堂,邱晓燕,林伟.含钒电池储能的微电网负荷优化分配[J].电网技术,2012,36(5):85-91.Chen Guangtang,Qiu Xiaoyan,Lin Wei.Optimal load distribution of microgrid with energy storage system composed of Vanadium redox flow battery[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(5):85-91(in Chinese).
- [10]刘天琪,江东林.基于储能单元运行方式优化的微电网经济运行[J].电网技术,2012,36(1):45-50.Liu Tianqi,Jiang Donglin.Economic operation of microgrid based on operation mode optimization of energy storage unit[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(1):45-50(in Chinese).
- [11]陈洁,杨秀,朱兰,等.不同运行调度模式下微网经济运行对比分析[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(8):106-113.Chen Jie,Yang Xiu,Zhu Lan,et al.Comparison of microgrid economic operation among different dispatch modes[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(8):106-113(in Chinese).
- [12]邢龙,张沛超,方陈,等.基于广义需求侧资源的微网运行优化[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(12):7-12.Xing Long,Zhang Peichao,Fang Chen,et al.Optimal operation for microgrid using generalized demand side resources[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(12):7-12(in Chinese).
- [13]苗轶群,江全元,曹一家.基于微电网的电动汽车换电站运营策略[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(15):33-38.Miao Yiqun,Jiang Quanyuan,Cao Yijia.Operation strategy for battery swap station of electric vehicles based on microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(15):33-38(in Chinese).
- [14]冯俊淇,解大,贾玉健,等.电动汽车充放储一体化电站调度参数分析[J].电网技术,2013,37(12):3325-3330.Feng Junqi,Jia Da,Jia Yujian,et al.Dispatch parameters analysis of charging/discharging and storage integrated station for electric vehicles[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(12):3325-3330(in Chinese).
- [15]杨敏霞,刘高维,房新雨,等.计及电网状态的充放储一体化站运行模式探讨[J].电网技术,2013,37(5):1202-1208.Yang Minxia,Liu Gaowei,Fang Xinyu,et al.Discussion on operation mode of charging-discharging-storage integrated station considering power network statuses[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(5):1202-1208(in Chinese).
- [16]叶承晋,黄民翔,王焱,等.基于离散概率模型的风光互补供电系统优化配置[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(6):48-54.Ye Chengjin,Huang Minxiang,Wang Yan,et al.A hybrid wind/photovoltaic power supply system based on discrete probabilistic methodology[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(6):48-54(in Chinese).
- [17]陈洁,杨秀,朱兰,等.微网多目标经济调度优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(19):57-66.Chen Jie,Yang Xiu,Zhu Lan,et al.Microgrid multi-objective economic dispatch optimization[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(19):57-66(in Chinese).
- [18]赵波,薛美东,陈荣柱,等.高可再生能源渗透率下考虑预测误差的微电网经济调度模型[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(7):1-8.Zhao Bo,Xue Meidong,Chen Rongzhu,et al.An economic dispatch model for microgrid with high renewable energy resource penetration considering forecast errors[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(7):1-8(in Chinese).
- [19]韩晓娟,程成,籍天明,等.计及电池使用寿命的混合储能系统容量优化模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(34):83-89.Han Xiaojuan,Cheng Cheng,Ji Tianming,et al.Capacity optimal modeling of hybrid energy storage systems considering battery life[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(34):83-89(in Chinese).
- [20]陈健,王成山,赵波,等.考虑储能系统特性的独立微电网系统经济运行优化[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(20):25-31.Chen Jian,Wang Chengshan,Zhao Bo,et al.Economic operation optimization of a stand-alone microgrid system considering characteristics of energy storage system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(20):25-31(in Chinese).
- [21]Qian Kejun,Zhou Chenke,ALLAN Malcolm.Modeling of load demand due to EV battery charging in distribution systems[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2011,26(2):802-810.
- [22]刘宝碇,彭锦.不确定理论教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005:74-126.
- [23]Srinivas M,Patnaik L M.Adaptive probabilities of crossover and mutation in genetic algorithms[J].IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics,1994,24(4):656-667.
- [24]潘鹏飞,李秋红,任冰涛,等.基于遗传算法的航空发动机部件特性修正[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2014,40(5):690-694.Pan Pengfei,Li Qiuhong,Ren Bingtao,et al.Component map correction of aero-engine based on genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautic,2014,40(5):690-694(in Chinese).