马进;赵大伟;钱敏慧;朱凌志;姚良忠;汪宁渤;

• 1:新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学)
• 2:新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院)
• 3:甘肃省电力公司风电技术中心

摘要(Abstract)：

风电和光伏发电等新能源在近年来得到了大规模快速发展,大规模开发、集中式送出是中国新能源发展的主要特征之一。目前中国西北等地风光新能源基地普遍通过特高压直流输电系统送至远方负荷中心,直流送端附近配套火电机组少,系统频率调节和无功/电压支撑能力弱,振荡问题突出,已经形成或即将形成弱同步支撑直流送端电网系统,运行控制难度大。文章从系统频率调节、无功/电压控制、次同步振荡机理与抑制等3个方面对大规模新能源接入弱同步支撑直流送端电网的运行控制技术国内外研究现状进行综述,分析已有研究存在的问题,尝试给出了后续研究建议和展望。

关键词(KeyWords)： 风力发电;光伏发电;特高压直流;弱交流电网;系统频率调节;无功/电压控制;次同步振荡

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0900100);; 国家自然科学基金项目(51607160);; 国家电网公司科技项目(大规模新能源接入弱同步支撑直流送端电网运行控制与保护技术研究)~~

作者(Author): 马进;赵大伟;钱敏慧;朱凌志;姚良忠;汪宁渤;

Email:

DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2017.1647

参考文献(References)：

• [1]国家发展改革委,国家能源局.能源发展“十三五”规划(公开发布稿)[EB/OL].[2017-01-17].http://www.nea.gov.cn/2017-01/17/c_135989417.htm.
• [2]国家发展改革委.可再生能源发展“十三五”规划(公开发布稿)[EB/OL].[2016-12-19].http://www.nea.gov.cn/2016-12/19/c_135916140.htm.
• [3]薛禹胜,雷兴,薛峰,等.关于风电不确定性对电力系统影响的评述[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(29):5029-5040.Xue Yusheng,Lei Xing,Xue Feng,et al.A review on impacts of wind power uncertainties on power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(29):5029-5040(in Chinese).
• [4]丁明,王伟胜,王秀丽,等.大规模光伏发电对电力系统影响综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):1-14.Ding Ming,Wang Weisheng,Wang Xiuli,et al.A review on the impact of large-scale PV generation on power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):1-14(in Chinese).
• [5]Quintero J,Vittal V,Heydt G T,et al.The impact of increased penetration of converter control-based generators on power system modes of oscillation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2248-2256.
• [6]Kawabe K,Tanaka K.Impact of dynamic behavior of photovoltaic power generation systems on short-term voltage stability[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(6):3416-3424.
• [7]Nguyen N,Mitra J.An analysis of the effects and dependency of wind power penetration on system frequency regulation[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2016,7(1):354-363.
• [8]曾辉,孙峰,李铁,等.澳大利亚“9?28”大停电事故分析及对中国启示[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(13):1-6.Zeng Hui,Sun Feng,Li Tie,et al.Analysis of“9?28”blackout in south Australia and its enlightenment to China[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(13):1-6(in Chinese).
• [9]李明节.大规模特高压交直流混联电网特性分析与运行控制[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):985-991.Li Mingjie.Characteristic analysis and operational control of large-scale hybrid UHV AC/DC power grids[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):985-991(in Chinese).
• [10]李兆伟,吴雪莲,庄侃沁,等.“9?19”锦苏直流双极闭锁事故华东电网频率特性分析及思考[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(7):149-155.Li Zhaowei,Wu Xuelian,Zhuang Kanqin,et al.Analysis and reflection on frequency characteristics of East China Grid after bipolar locking of“9?19”Jinping-Sunan DC transmission line[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(7):149-155(in Chinese).
• [11]人民网.哈密南-郑州?800千伏特高压直流输电工程投运[EB/OL].[2 0 1 4-0 1-2 8].h t t p://e n e rg y.p e o p l e.c o m.c n/n/2 0 1 4/0 1 2 8/c71661-24248869.html.
• [12]湖南省人民政府网站.酒泉至湖南特高压输电工程投运[EB/OL].[2 0 1 7-0 6-2 4].h t t p://w w w.h u n a n.g o v.c n/z w/h n y w/tjdt/201706/t20170624_4289547.html.
• [13]国网甘肃省电力公司.甘肃电网2017年度运行方式[R].2016.
• [14]李超,王洪涛,韦仲康,等.含大型风电场的弱同步电网协调控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(4):96-103.Li Chao,Wang Hongtao,Wei Zhongkang,et al.Coordinated control of weakly-synchronized grid containing large wind farms[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(4):96-103(in Chinese).
• [15]吴萍,徐式蕴,赵兵,等.面向风火打捆的特高压直流输电工程弱送端强直弱交耦合特性研究[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(1):60-66.Wu Ping,Xu Shiyun,Zhao Bing,et al.Research of weak sending-end coupling characteristics for bundled wind-thermal power transmission of UHVDC project[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(1):60-66(in Chinese).
• [16]刘巨,姚伟,文劲宇,等.大规模风电参与系统频率调整的技术展望[J].电网技术,2014,38(3):638-646.Liu Ju,Yao Wei,Wen Jinyu,et al.Prospect of technology for largescale wind farm participating into power grid frequency regulation[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(3):638-646(in Chinese).
• [17]陈国平,李明节,许涛,等.关于新能源发展的技术瓶颈研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):20-26.Chen Guoping,Li Mingjie,Xu Tao,et al.Study on technical bottleneck of new energy development[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):20-26(in Chinese).
• [18]周强,汪宁渤,沈琛云,等.高风电穿透率下甘肃河西电网无功电压特性仿真分析[J].智能电网,2017,5(1):47-52.Zhou Qiang,Wang Ningbo,Shen Chenyun,et al.Simulation and analysis of reactive power and voltage characteristics of Gansu Hexi power grid under high wind power penetration rate[J].Smart Grid,2017,5(1):47-52(in Chinese).
• [19]Electric Power Research Institute.HVDC system control for damping subsynchronous oscillations[R].New York,NY,USA:EPRI,1982.
• [20]李立浧,洪潮.贵广二回直流输电系统次同步振荡问题分析[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(7):90-93.Li Licheng,Hong Chao.Analysis of the SSO problem caused by Guizhou-Guangdong II HVDC transmission system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(7):90-93(in Chinese).
• [21]张鹏,毕天姝.HVDC引起次同步振荡暂态扰动风险的机理分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(4):961-968.Zhang Peng,Bi Tianshu.Mechanism analysis of large disturbance risk of subsynchronous oscillation caused by HVDC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(4):961-968(in Chinese).
• [22]黄耀,王西田,陈昆明,等.双馈风电场次同步相互作用的机理仿真验证与实用抑制策略[J].电网技术,2016,40(8):2364-2369.Huang Yao,Wang Xitian,Chen Kunming,et al.SSI mechanism simulation validation and practical mitigation strategy of DFIG-based wind farms[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(8):2364-2369(in Chinese).
• [23]吕敬,董鹏,施刚,等.大型双馈风电场经MMC-HVDC并网的次同步振荡及其抑制[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):4852-4860.LüJing,Dong Peng,Shi Gang,et al.Subsynchronous oscillation and its mitigation of MMC-based HVDC with large doubly-fed induction generator-based wind farm integration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(19):4852-4860(in Chinese).
• [24]郑超,李媛.规模化光伏并网对火电机组次同步振荡特性影响[J].电力建设,2016,37(9):62-69.Zheng Chao,Li Yuan.Influence of scaled photovoltaic grid-connected system on SSO characteristic of thermal power unit[J].Electric Power Construction,2016,37(9):62-69(in Chinese).
• [25]谢小荣,刘华坤,贺静波,等.直驱风机风电场与交流电网相互作用引发次同步振荡的机理与特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(9):2366-2372.Xie Xiaorong,Liu Huakun,He Jingbo,et al.Mechanism and characteristics of subsynchronous oscillation caused by the interaction between full-converter wind turbines and AC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(9):2366-2372(in Chinese).
• [26]钟显,樊艳芳,王一波,等.含高密度风电、交直流送端电网直流闭锁故障稳控方案研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(13):130-138.Zhong Xian,Fan Yanfang,Wang Yibo,et al.Research of stability control strategies for high density wind power,AC-DC sending grid bipole trip[J].Power Systems Protection and Control,2015,43(13):130-138(in Chinese).
• [27]徐式蕴,吴萍,赵兵,等.提升风火打捆哈郑特高压直流风电消纳能力的安全稳定控制措施研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(13):92-99.Xu Shiyun,Wu Ping,Zhao Bing,et al.Study on the security and stability control strategy enhancing the wind power consuming ability of the wind-thermal power combining Hazheng UHVDC system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(13):92-99(in Chinese).
• [28]陈赟,陈得治,马世英,等.风光火打捆交直流外送系统的高频切机方案研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):186-192.Chen Yun,Chen Dezhi,Ma Shiying,et al.Studies on high-frequency generator tripping strategy for wind-photovoltaic-thermal-bundled power transmitted by AC/DC system[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):186-192(in Chinese).
• [29]李洪宇,鞠平,余一平,等.随机激励下系统频率动态安全性量化评估及半解析分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(7):1955-1962.Li Hongyu,Ju Ping,Yu Yiping,et al.Quantitative assessment and semi-analytical analysis for system frequency dynamic security under stochastic excitation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(7):1955-1962(in Chinese).
• [30]肖湘宁,李伟,罗超,等.特高压直流孤岛运行特性与稳定控制研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(10):1-11.Xiao Xiangning,Li Wei,Luo Chao,et al.Survey on operational characteristics and stability control of ultra-HVDC transmission system in islanded mode[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(10):1-11(in Chinese).
• [31]魏亮,王渝红,李兴源,等.高压直流输电送端孤岛运行附加频率控制器设计[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(1):143-148.Wei Liang,Wang Yuhong,Li Xingyuan,et al.Design of additional frequency controller for islanded sending-end operation of HVDC system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(1):143-148(in Chinese).
• [32]国家能源局.DL/T 1234-2013电力系统安全稳定计算技术规范[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2013.
• [33]郭小江,马世英,卜广全,等.直流系统参与电网稳定控制应用现状及在安全防御体系中的功能定位探讨[J].电网技术,2012,36(8):116-123.Guo Xiaojiang,Ma Shiying,Bu Guangquan,et al.Present application situation of DC system participating in power system stability control and discussion on position of its functions in security defense system[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(8):116-123(in Chinese).
• [34]郑超,汤涌,马世英,等.直流参与稳定控制的典型场景及技术需求[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3750-3759.Zheng Chao,Tang Yong,Ma Shiying,et al.A survey on typical scenarios and technology needs for HVDC participated into stability control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3750-3759(in Chinese).
• [35]邹朋,王渝红,李兴源,等.适合风电接入的直流输电辅助频率控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5750-5756.Zou Peng,Wang Yuhong,Li Xingyuan,et al.Frequency control strategy for HVDC power system with wind power integration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(21):5750-5756(in Chinese).
• [36]王华伟,韩民晓,雷霄,等.火电机组直流孤岛系统频率控制分析与系统试验[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):139-148.Wang Huawei,Han Minxiao,Lei Xiao,et al.Frequency control analysis and system commissioning for thermal generation with HVDC islanded operation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):139-148(in Chinese).
• [37]孙骁强,刘鑫,程松,等.光伏逆变器参与西北送端大电网快速频率响应能力实测分析[J].电网技术,2017,41(9):2792-2798.Sun Xiaoqiang,Liu Xin,Cheng Song,et al.Actual measurement and analysis of fast frequency response capability of PV-inverter in northwest power grid[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(9):2792-2798(in Chinese).
• [38]竺炜,钟鹏,巫晓云.直流接入后的多态频率稳定性及机组控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(22):6122-6130.Zhu Wei,Zhong Peng,Wu Xiaoyun.Multi-state frequency stability and power unit control strategy after DC access[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(22):6122-6130(in Chinese).
• [39]刘吉臻,姚琦,柳玉,等.风火联合调度的风电场一次调频控制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(12):3462-3469.Liu Jizhen,Yao Qi,Liu Yu,et al.Wind farm primary frequency control strategy based on wind&thermal power joint control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(12):3462-3469(in Chinese).
• [40]汪宁渤,马彦宏,丁坤,等.酒泉风电基地脱网事故频发的原因分析[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(19):42-46.Wang Ningbo,Ma Yanhong,Ding Kun,et al.Analysis on root reasons of WTGs nuisance tripping in Jiuquan wind power base[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(19):42-46(in Chinese)
• [41]孙华东,张振宇,林伟芳,等.2011年西北电网风机脱网事故分析及启示[J].电网技术,2012,36(10):76-80.Sun Huadong,Zhang Zhenyu,Lin Weifang,et al.Analysis on serious wind turbine generators tripping accident in northwest China power grid in 2011 and its Lessons[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(10):76-80(in Chinese).
• [42]徐峰达,郭庆来,孙宏斌,等.多风场连锁脱网过程分析与仿真研究[J].电网技术,2014,38(6):1425-1431.Xu Fengda,Guo Qinglai,Sun Hongbin,et al.Analysis and simulation research on cascading trips of multiple wind farms[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(6):1425-1431(in Chinese).
• [43]谢欢,吴涛,赵亚清,等.计及动态无功控制影响的风电汇集地区高电压脱网原因分析[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(4):19-24.Xie Huan,Wu Tao,Zhao Yaqing,et al.Analysis on high-voltage trip-off causation of dense wind power areas considering impact of dynamic reactive power control[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(4):19-24(in Chinese)
• [44]周红婷,谢欢,吴涛,等.张北高电压脱网事故中风电场动态行为分析与仿真[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(2):54-60.Zhou Hongting,Xie Huan,Wu Tao,et al.Analysis and simulation of wind farm dynamic behavior in high-voltage trip-off accident of Zhangbei[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(2):54-60(in Chinese).
• [45]崔正湃,王皓靖,马锁明,等.大规模风电汇集系统动态无功补偿装置运行现状及提升措施[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1873-1878.Cui Zhengpai,Wang Haojing,Ma Suoming,et al.Operation situation analysis and improvement measure study for dynamic reactive compensation equipment applied in large-scale wind power systems[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1873-1878(in Chinese).
• [46]吕清洁,徐政,李晖,等.动态无功补偿对风电场暂态电压的影响及控制策略[J].电力建设,2015,36(8):122-129.LüQingjie,Xu Zheng,Li Hui,et al.Effects of dynamic reactive power compensation on wind farm transient voltage and its control strategy research[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(8):122-129(in Chinese).
• [47]卢锦玲,何振民,何同祥,等.计及暂态电压安全性的风电场无功电压协调控制[J].电网技术,2015,39(10):2780-2786.Lu Jinling,He Zhenmin,He Tongxiang,et al.Reactive power and voltage coordinated control strategy of wind farm considering transient voltage security[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(10):2780-2786(in Chinese).
• [48]Pathak A K,Sharma M P,Bundele M.A critical review of voltage and reactive power management of wind farms[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2015(51):460-471.
• [49]崔杨,徐蒙福,唐耀华,等.基于集电系统无功灵敏度的双馈风电场无功控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(9):2418-2423.Cui Yang,Xu Mengfu,Tang Yaohua,et al.Reactive control strategy of DFIG wind farm based on reactive sensitivity of collection system[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(9):2418-2423(in Chinese).
• [50]周林,邵念彬.大型光伏电站无功电压控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(4):116-122.Zhou Lin,Shao Nianbin.Reactive-power and voltage control for large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic plants[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(4):116-122(in Chinese).
• [51]Bullich-MassaguéE,Ferrer-San-JoséR,Aragüés-Peńalba M,et al.Power plant control in large-scale photovoltaic plants:design,implementation and validation in a 9.4 MW photovoltaic plant[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2016,10(1):50-62.
• [52]中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 19963—2011风电场接入电力系统技术规定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
• [53]中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 19964—2012光伏发电站接入电力系统技术规定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.
• [54]Abulanwar S,Hu W H,Chen Z,et al.Adaptive voltage control strategy for variable-speed wind turbine connected to a weak network[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2016,10(2):238-249.
• [55]Kawabe K,Ota Y,Yokoyama A,et al.Novel dynamic voltage support capability of photovoltaic systems for improvement of short-term voltage stability in power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2017,32(3):1796-1804.
• [56]涂仁川,王胜,关红兵,等.糯扎渡特高压直流输电工程无功控制策略研究[J].南方电网技术,2013,7(6):31-36.Tu Renchuan,Wang Sheng,Guan Hongbing,et al.Research of the reactive power control strategy in Nuozhadu UHVDC project[J].Southern Power System Technology,2013,7(6):31-36(in Chinese).
• [57]梁海峰,李怀科,肖伟,等.直流孤岛外送风电变电流控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(9):2432-2437.Liang Haifeng,Li Huaike,Xiao Wei,et al.Variable current control strategy of transmitting wind power through DC island[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(9):2432-2437(in Chinese).
• [58]李春华,蒋碧松,周勤勇,等.一种适用于风电外送的直流输电控制策略及无功投切方法[J].电网技术,2015,39(11):3280-3285.Li Chunhua,Jiang Bisong,Zhou Qinyong,et al.HVDC control strategy and reactive power switching method for wind power delivery[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(11):3280-3285(in Chinese).
• [59]赵云灏,夏懿,周勤勇,等.风火打捆直流外送系统的直流系统无功补偿装置协调控制策略及配置方案[J].电网技术,2016,40(7):2081-2086.Zhao Yunhao,Xia Yi,Zhou Qinyong,et al.Coordinated control strategy and configuration scheme of RPCD of DC system for wind-thermal-bundled power transmission[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(7):2081-2086(in Chinese).
• [60]蔡蓉,岳程燕,谢海莲.传输大规模陆上风电的传统高压直流输电系统控制策略[J].南方电网技术,2015,9(5):32-39.Cai Rong,Yue Chengyan,Xie Hailian.Control strategy of LCC HVDC system for large-scale onshore wind power transmission[J].Southern Power System Technology,2015,9(5):32-39(in Chinese).
• [61]丁立国,沈阳武,许加柱,等.连接弱交流系统的高压直流换流站无功补偿协调控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(8):22-29.Ding Liguo,Shen Yangwu,Xu Jiazhu,et al.Coordinated control strategy of reactive compensation for HVDC converter station connected to weak AC system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(8):22-29(in Chinese).
• [62]王峰,刘天琪,丁媛媛,等.直流闭锁引起的暂态过电压计算方法及其影响因素分析[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):3059-3065.Wang Feng,Liu Tianqi,Ding Yuanyuan,et al.Calculation method and influencing factors of transient overvoltage caused by HVDC block[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(10):3059-3065(in Chinese).
• [63]贺静波,庄伟,许涛,等.暂态过电压引起风电机组连锁脱网风险分析及对策[J].电网技术,2016,40(6):1839-1844.He Jingbo,Zhuang Wei,Xu Tao,et al.Study on cascading tripping risk of wind turbines caused by transient overvoltage and its countermeasures[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(6):1839-1844(in Chinese).
• [64]冀肖彤.抑制HVDC送端交流暂态过电压的控制系统优化[J].电网技术,2017,41(3):721-728.Ji Xiaotong.Optimization of HVDC control system for mitigating AC transient overvoltage on rectifier station[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(3):721-728(in Chinese).
• [65]王雅婷,张一驰,周勤勇,等.新一代大容量调相机在电网中的应用研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(1):22-28.Wang Yating,Zhang Yichi,Zhou Qinyong,et al.Study on application of new generation large capacity synchronous condenser in power grid[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(1):22-28(in Chinese).
• [66]谢小荣,王路平,贺静波,等.电力系统次同步谐振/振荡的形态分析[J].电网技术,2017,41(4):1043-1049.Xie Xiaorong,Wang Luping,He Jingbo,et al.Analysis of subsynchronous resonance/oscillation types in power systems[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(4):1043-1049(in Chinese).
• [67]Liu H K,Xie X R,Zhang C Y,et al.Quantitative SSR analysis of series-compensated DFIG-based wind farms using aggregated RLC circuit model[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2017,32(1):474-483.
• [68]Wu M,Xie L,Cheng L,et al.A study on the impact of wind farm spatial distribution on power system sub-synchronous oscillations[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(3):2154-2162.
• [69]Song Y P,Blaabjerg F.Overview of DFIG-based wind power system resonances under weak networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(6):4370-4394.
• [70]李景一,毕天姝,于钊,等.直驱风机变流控制系统对次同步频率分量的响应机理研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(6):1734-1740.Li Jingyi,Bi Tianshu,Yu Zhao,et al.Study on response characteristics of grid converter control system of permanent magnet synchronous generators(PMSG)to subsynchronous frequency component[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(6):1734-1740(in Chinese).
• [71]李宽,李兴源,陈实,等.光伏并网抑制由直流输电引起的次同步振荡的可行性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(3):41-46.Li Kuan,Li Xingyuan,Chen Shi,et al.Analysis on feasibility of damping HVDC-induced subsynchronous oscillation by photovoltaic grid-connection[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(3):41-46(in Chinese).
• [72]肖湘宁,罗超,廖坤玉.新能源电力系统次同步振荡问题研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(6):85-97.Xiao Xiangning,Luo Chao,Liao Kunyu.Review of the research on subsynchronous oscillation issues in electric power system with renewable energy sources[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(6):85-97(in Chinese).
• [73]王伟胜,张冲,何国庆,等.大规模风电并网系统次同步振荡研究综述[J].电网技术,2017,41(4):1050-1060.Wang Weisheng,Zhang Chong,He Guoqing,et al.Overview of research on subsynchronous oscillations in large-scale wind farm integrated system[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(4):1050-1060(in Chinese).
• [74]Amin M,Molinas M.Understanding the origin of oscillatory phenomena observed between wind farms and HVDC systems[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2017,5(1):378-392.
• [75]李宽,王军,赵斌超,等.风火捆绑经HVDC送电引起轴系扭振研究[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(6):115-122.Li Kuan,Wang Jun,Zhao Binchao,et al.Shafting vibration research of wind power and thermal power bundle supply through HVDC[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(6):115-122(in Chinese).
• [76]Sun J.Impedance-based stability criterion for grid-connected inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(11):3075-3078.
• [77]Cespedes M,Sun J.Impedance modeling and analysis of gridconnected voltage-source converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(3):1254-1261.
• [78]夏安俊,乔颖,鲁宗相,等.直驱型风电场聚合模型误差对电力系统暂态稳定分析的影响[J].电网技术,2016,40(2):341-347.Xia Anjun,Qiao Ying,Lu Zongxiang,et al.Effects of aggregated PMSG wind farm model error on transient stability analysis of power systems[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(2):341-347(in Chinese).
• [79]万磊,汤涌,吴文传,等.特高压直流控制系统机电暂态等效建模与参数实测方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(3):708-714.Wan Lei,Tang Yong,Wu Wenchuan,et al.Equivalent modeling and real parameter measurement methods of control systems of UHVDC transmission systems[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(3):708-714(in Chinese).
• [80]Yao R,Huang S W,Sun K,et al.A multi-timescale quasi-dynamic model for simulation of cascading outages[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(4):3189-3201.