基于蚁群优化算法的机组最优投入OPTIMAL UNIT COMMITMENT BASED ON ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM
郝晋,石立宝,周家启,徐国禹
摘要(Abstract):
机组最优投入问题(optimal Unit Commitment,UC)是寻求1个周期内各个负荷水平下机组的最优组合方式及开停机计划,使运行费用为最小。该问题是一个高维数、非凸的、离散的、非线性的优化问题,很难找出理论上的最优解,但由于它能带来显著的经济效益,所以受到了国内外很多学者的广泛关注。作者尝试采用一种新型的模拟进化优化算法——蚁群优化算法(ACO)来求解该问题。首先,利用状态、决策及作者提出的路径概念把UC设计成类似于旅行商(TSP)问题的模式,从而可以方便地利用ACO来求解。其次,由于ACO处理的是无约束优化问题,对于UC这一约束优化问题,提出了不同的方法来处理各种约束。用tabu表限制不满足旋转备用约束和机组最小启/停时间约束的状态;通过附加惩罚项来处理线路N安全性约束。数值算例验证了此算法的可行性和有效性。
关键词(KeyWords): 机组最优投入;蚁群优化算法;tabu表;转移概率;经济调度
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 郝晋,石立宝,周家启,徐国禹
Email:
DOI:
参考文献(References):
- [1]李文沅(LiWenyuan).电力系统安全经济运行—模型与方法(Secure and economic operation of electrical power systemModel and method)[M].重庆大学出版社(TheUniversity ofChongqingPress),1989,3.
- [2]强金龙,于尔铿(QiangJinlong,YuErkeng).电力系统经济调度(Economic dispatch of power system)[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社(ThePolytechnicUniversity ofHarbinPress),1991.
- [3]RuzicS,RajakovicN,A new approach for solving extended unit commitproblem[J].IEEE Transactions onPowerSystem,1991,6(1).
- [4]赵宏伟,任震(ZhaoHongqwei,RenZhen).计及线路安全约束的机组最优投入(Optimal unit commitments consideration of capacity of transmission)[J].电力系统自动化(ElectricalPowerSystemsAutomation),1997,21(5).
- [5]ChengC P,LiuC W,LiuC C.Unit commitment by lagrangian relaxation and genetic algorithm[J].IEEE Transactions onPowerSystem,1995,15(2).
- [6]陈皓勇,王锡凡(ChenHaoyong,WangXifan).机组组合问题的优化方法综述(Summerize of optimal methods to solve unit commitments)[J].电力系统自动化(ElectricalPowerSystemsAutomation),1997,21(4).
- [7]OuyangZ,ShahidehpourS M.A multi-stage intellegent system for unit commitment[J].IEEE Transactions onPowerSystems,1992,7(2).
- [8]ZhuangF,GalianaF D.Unit commitment by simulated annea-ling[J].IEEE Transactions onPowerSystems,1990,5(1).
- [9]DorigoM,ManiezzoV,ColorniA.Ant system optimization by a colony of cooperating agents[J].IEEE Transactions onSystem,Man andCybernetics-PartB:Cybernetics,1996,26(1):29-41.
- [10]YuI K,ChouC S,SongY H.Application of the ant colony search algorithm to short-term generation scheduling problem of thermal units[C].PowerSystemTechnologyProceedings.1998,552-557.
- [11]WangS J,ShabidehpourS M,KirchenD S.Short-term generation scheduling with transmission and environmental constrains using an augmented lagrangian relaxation[J],IEEE Transactions onPowerSystem,1995,10(3).
- [12]WoodA J,WollenbergB F.Power system operation and control[M].PowerTechnologies,Inc.Schenectady,NewYork1984.
- [13]AyoubA K,PattonA D.Optimal thermal generating unit commit-ment[J],IEEE Transactions onPowerApparatus andSystem,1970,PAS-89(2).