集成排序网络的模块化多电平换流器实时仿真模型Real-time Simulation Model of Modular Multilevel Converter With Sorting Network Integrated
王宇;刘崇茹;凌博文;侯延琦;李庚银;孔玮;
摘要(Abstract):
为实现模块化多电平换流器(modularmultilevel converter,MMC)的实时仿真,提出一种基于电力系统实时数字仿真器(real time digital simulation,RTDS)的高效MMC实时仿真模型,并应用现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array,FPGA)开发实现。模型使用流水线技术进行MMC桥臂阀组的等值计算,采用双调排序网络实现电容电压快速均压控制,避免大量子模块电容电压和触发控制信号的实时吞吐。基于此模型搭建单端201电平仿真系统,与PSCAD/EMTDC模型进行了仿真对比测试,并对比分析不同流水线个数和电平数下FPGA资源占用情况和时间性能。结果表明,该模型具备较高的集成度和仿真精度,使用单个ML605开发板即可实现高达501电平单端MMC的实时仿真,适用于构建大规模MMC直流电网实时仿真平台。
关键词(KeyWords): 模块化多电平换流器;实时仿真;现场可编程门阵列;并行计算;排序网络
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金委员会–国家电网公司智能电网联合基金项目(U1866204)~~
作者(Author): 王宇;刘崇茹;凌博文;侯延琦;李庚银;孔玮;
Email:
DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2018.2240
参考文献(References):
- [1]汤广福,庞辉,贺之渊.先进交直流输电技术在中国的发展与应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(7):1760-1771. Tang Guangfu,Pang Hui,He Zhiyuan.R&D and application of advanced power transmission technology in China[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(7):1760-1771(in Chinese).
- [2]李亚楼,穆清,安宁,等.直流电网模型和仿真的发展与挑战[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(4):127-135. Li Yalou,Mu Qing,An Ning,et al.Development and challenge of modeling and simulation of DC grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(4):127-135(in Chinese).
- [3]贺之渊,刘栋,庞辉.柔性直流与直流电网仿真技术研究[J].电网技术,2018,42(1):1-11. He Zhiyuan, Liu Dong, Pang Hui. Research of simulation technologies of VSC-HVDC and DC grids[J]. Power System Technology,2018,42(1):1-11(in Chinese).
- [4]许建中,李承昱,熊岩,等.模块化多电平换流器高效建模方法研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(13):3381-3392. Xu Jianzhong,Li Chengyu,Xiong Yan,et al.A review of efficient modeling methods for modular multilevel converters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(13):3381-3392(in Chinese).
- [5]林雪华,郭琦,郭海平,等.基于FPGA的柔性直流实时仿真技术及试验系统[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(12):33-39. Lin Xuehua,Guo Qi,Guo Haiping,et al.FPGA based real-time simulation technology and test system of flexible DC[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(12):33-39(in Chinese).
- [6]张宏俊,郝正航,陈卓,等.适用于模块化多电平换流器实时仿真的建模方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(7):120-126. Zhang Hongjun,Hao Zhenghang,Chen Zhuo,et al.Modeling method for real time simulation of modular multilevel converter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(7):120-126(in Chinese).
- [7] Saad H,Ould-Bachir T,Mahseredjian J,et al.Real-time simulation of MMCs using CPU and FPGA[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,30(1):259-267.
- [8]王宇,刘崇茹,李庚银.基于FPGA的模块化多电平换流器实时仿真建模与硬件在环实验[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(13):3912-3920. Wang Yu,Liu Chongru,Li Gengyin.FPGA-based real-time modelling of modular multilevel converter and hardware-in-the-loop simulation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(13):3912-3920(in Chinese).
- [9]辛业春,王威儒,李国庆,等.多端柔性直流输电系统数字物理混合仿真技术[J].电网技术,2018,42(12):3903-3909. Xin Yechun,Wang Weiru,Li Guoqing,et al.Power hardware-in-loop simulation for MMC-MTDC transmission systems[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(12):3903-3909(in Chinese).
- [10]喻锋,王西田,林卫星,等.模块化多电平换流器快速电磁暂态仿真模型[J].电网技术,2015,39(1):257-263. Yu Feng,Wang Xitian,Lin Weixing,et al.Fast electromagnetic transient simulation models of modular multilevel converter[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(1):257-263(in Chinese).
- [11] Li W,Bélanger J.An equivalent circuit method for modelling and simulation of modular multilevel converters in real-time HIL test bench[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(5):2401-2409.
- [12] Peralta J,Saad H,Dennetiere S,et al.Detailed and averaged models for a 401-Level MMC-HVDC system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(3):1501-1508.
- [13]郭高朋,胡学浩,温家良,等.基于大规模子模块群的MMC建模与快速仿真算法[J].电网技术,2015,39(5):1226-1232. Guo Gaopeng,Hu Xuehao,Wen Jialiang,et al.A large-scale submodule group based algorithm for modelling and high-speed simulation[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(5):1226-1232(in Chinese).
- [14] Gnanarathna U N,Gole A M,Jayasinghe R P.Efficient modeling of modular multilevel HVDC converters(MMC)on electromagnetic transient simulation programs[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2010,26(1):316-324.
- [15] Maguire T,Warkentin B,Chen Y,et al.Efficient techniques for real time simulation of MMC systems[C]//International Conference on Power Systems Transients(IPST'13)in Vancouver,Canada,2013.
- [16] Ou K,Rao H,Cai Z,et al.MMC-HVDC simulation and testing based on real-time digital simulator and physical control system[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging&Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2014,2(4):1109-1116.
- [17] PSCAD X4 user’s guide[M].Winnipeg,MB,Canada:Manitoba Research Center,2009.
- [18]李庆扬,王能超,易大义.数值分析[M].第5版.北京:清华大学出版社,2008:293-297.
- [19]屠卿瑞,徐政,郑翔,等.一种优化的模块化多电平换流器电压均衡控制方法[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(5):15-20. Tu Qingrui,Xu Zheng,Zheng Xiang,et al.An optimized voltage balancing method for modular multilevel converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(5):15-20(in Chinese).
- [20]管敏渊,徐政.MMC型VSC-HVDC系统电容电压的优化平衡控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(12):9-14. Guan Minyuan,Xu Zheng.Optimized capacitor voltage balancing control for modular multilevel converter based VSC-HVDC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(12):9-14(in Chinese).
- [21] Li W,Grégoire L A,Bélanger J.A modular multilevel converter pulse generation and capacitor voltage balance method optimized for FPGA implementation[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(5):2859-2867.
- [22]顾乃杰,王旭,陈国良,等.并行双调排序算法的有效实现及性能分析[J].计算机研究与发展,2002,39(10):1343-1348. Gu Naijie, Wang Xu, Chen Guoliang, et al. An efficient implementation and performance analysis of parallel bitonic sorting[J].Journal of Computer Research and Development,2002,39(10):1343-1348(in Chinese).
- [23] Mueller R,Teubner J,Alonso G.Sorting networks on FPGAs[J].VLDB Journal,2012,21(1):1-23.
- [24]夏宇闻.Verilog数字系统设计教程[M].第2版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2008.
- [25]徐文波,田耘.Xilinx FPGA开发实用教程[M].第2版.北京:清华大学出版社,2012.