电力系统恢复控制在线决策方法An On-line Decision-Making Method Applicable to Power System Restoration Control
赵达维;刘天琪;李兴源;
摘要(Abstract):
黑启动方案对非"全黑"停电场景的针对性和有效性存在不足。为此,提出一种电力系统恢复控制在线决策方法:兼顾可用发电容量裕度及同期并网点位置等因素,采用深度优先搜索法划分停电区域,并运用粗糙集理论的综合优势度评判方法使停电子区与恢复策略匹配。建立符合系统恢复特征的电源出力模型;在此基础上,考虑重要负荷快速恢复、网内机组发电份额和系统稳定等因素,设计恢复控制的2阶段多目标优化模型。鉴于恢复过程被调度控制时段自然离散化的特点,采用动态规划法求解。实际系统算例分析结果表明,所提方法可行、有效,可为电网调度运行部门应对大停电提供决策参考。
关键词(KeyWords): 电力系统;恢复控制;决策;多目标优化;深度优先搜索;粗糙集理论;大停电;黑启动
基金项目(Foundation): 国家863高技术基金项目(2011AA05A119);; 国家自然科学基金项目(51037003)~~
作者(Author): 赵达维;刘天琪;李兴源;
Email:
DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2013.10.042
参考文献(References):
- [1]Adibi M M,Fink L H.Overcoming restoration challenges associatedwith major power system disturbances-restoration from cascadingfailures[J].IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,2006,4(5):68-77.
- [2]唐斯庆,张弥,李建设,等.海南电网“9.26”大面积停电事故的分析与总结[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(1):1-7.Tang Siqing,Zhang Mi,Li Jianshe,et al.Review of blackout inhainan on september 26 th:causes and recommendations[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(1):1-7(in Chinese).
- [3]国家处置电网大面积停电事件应急预案[Z].北京:国家电监会,2006.
- [4]刘映尚,吴文传,冯永青,等.基于有序二元决策图的黑启动分区搜索策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(10):26-31.Liu Yingshang,Wu Wenchuan,Feng Yongqing,et al.Black-start zonepartitioning based on ordered binary decision diagram method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(10):26-31(in Chinese).
- [5]梁海平,顾雪平.基于谱聚类的黑启动子系统划分[J].电网技术,2013,37(2):372-377.Liang Haiping,Gu Xueping.Black-start network partitioning basedon spectral clustering[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(2):372-377(in Chinese).
- [6]韩忠晖,顾雪平,刘艳.考虑机组启动时限的大停电后初期恢复路径优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(4):21-26.Han Zhonghui,Gu Xueping,Liu Yan.Optimization of restorationpaths considering unit start-up time requirements at early stage ofpower system restoration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(4):21-26(in Chinese).
- [7]顾雪平,韩忠晖,梁海平.电力系统大停电后系统分区恢复的优化算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(10):41-46.Gu Xueping,Han Zhonghui,Liang Haiping.Optimization of parallelrestoration through power system partitioning after blackout[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(10):41-46(in Chinese).
- [8]朱冬雪,顾雪平,钟慧荣.电力系统大停电后机组恢复的多目标优化方法[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):814-820.Zhu Dongxue,Gu Xueping,Zhong Huirong.A multi-objectiveoptimization method for post-blackout unit restoration[J].PowerSystem Technology,2013,37(3):814-820(in Chinese).
- [9]周云海,刘映尚,胡翔勇.大停电事故后的系统网架恢复[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(10):32-36.Zhou Yunhai,Liu Yingshang,Hu Xiangyong.Power system networkreconstruction after blackout[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(10):32-36(in Chinese).
- [10]刘强,石立宝,倪以信,等.电力系统恢复控制的网络重构智能优化策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(13):8-15.Liu Qiang,Shi Libao,Ni Yixin,et al.Intelligent optimization strategyof the power grid reconfiguration during power system restoration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(13):8-15(in Chinese).
- [11]刘映尚,吴文传,冯永青,等.黑启动过程中的负荷恢复[J].电网技术,2007,31(13):17-22.Liu Yingshang,Wu Wenchuan,Feng Yongqing,et al.Load recoveryduring power system blackstart[J].Power System Technology,2007,31(13):17-22(in Chinese).
- [12]赵达维,刘天琪,唐健.基于路径和节点权重因子的黑启动路径寻优新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(20):13-18.Zhao Dawei,Liu Tianqi,Tang Jian.A new method for black-startpath optimization based on path and node weight factors[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(20):13-18(inChinese).
- [13]王洪涛,刘玉田.电力系统恢复的主从递阶决策模型及其优化算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(1):8-13.Wang Hongtao,Liu Yutian.Learder-follower Hierarchical decisionmodel and optimal method for power system restoration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(1):8-13(in Chinese).
- [14]王梅义.大电网事故分析与技术应用[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2008:1-98.
- [15]袁季修.防御大停电的电力系统紧急控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2007:34-76.
- [16]薛禹胜,王昊昊,Zhaoyang Dong,等.电力市场环境下互联电网恢复控制的评述[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(21):110-115.Xue Yusheng,Wang Haohao,Zhaoyang Dong,et al.A review onrestorative control in interconnected grids under electricity marketenvironment[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(21):110-115(in Chinese).
- [17]石立宝,史中英,姚良忠,等.现代电力系统连锁性大停电事故机理研究综述[J].电网技术,2010,34(3):48-54.Shi Libao,Shi Zhongying,Yao Liangzhong,et al.A review ofmechanism of large cascading failure blackouts of modern powersystem[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(3):48-54(inChinese).
- [18]Adibi M,Clelland P,Fink L,et al.Power system restoration-a taskforce report[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1987,2(2):271-277.
- [19]陶华,杨震,张民,等.基于深度优先搜索算法的电力系统生成树的实现方法[J].电网技术,2010,34(2):120-124.Tao Hua,Yang Zhen,Zhang Min,et al.A depth-first search algorithmbased implementation approach of spanning tree in power system[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(2):120-124(in Chinese).
- [20]张文修,仇国芳.基于粗糙集的不确定性决策[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005:108-114.
- [21]Adibi M M,Martins N.Power system restoration dynamicsissues[C]//Power and Energy Society General Meeting.PA,USA:IEEE,2008:1-8.
- [22]马慧远.考虑恢复序列的电力系统黑启动分区研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2011.
- [23]刘强,石立宝,周明,等.现代电力系统恢复控制研究综述[J].电力自动化设备,2007,27(11):104-110.Liu Qiang,Shi Libao,Zhou Ming,et al.Survey of power systemrestoration control[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2007,27(11):104-110(in Chinese).
- [24]Liu C,Jung J,Heydt G,et al.The strategic power infrastructuredefense(SPID)system:a conceptual design[J].IEEE Control SystemMagazine,2002,20(4):40-52.
- [25]庞清乐,高厚磊,李天友.基于负荷均衡的智能配电网故障恢复[J].电网技术,2013,37(2):342-348.Pang Qingle,Gao Houlei,Li Tianyou.Load balancing based faultservice restoration for smart distribution grid[J].Power SystemTechnology,2013,37(2):342-348(in Chinese).
- [26]毛安家,张戈立,吕跃春,等.2011年9月8日美墨大停电事故的分析及其对我国电力调度运行管理的启示[J].电网技术,2012,36(4):74-78.Mao Anjia,Zhang Geli,LüYuechun,et al.Analysis on large-scaleblackout occurred in South America and North Mexico interconnectedpower grid on Sept.8,2011 and lessons for electric power dispatching inChina[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(4):74-78(in Chinese)
- [27]李兴源.高压直流输电系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:117.
- [28]Jirutitijaroen P,Singh C.Reliability and cost tradeoff in multiareapower system generation expansion using dynamic programming andglobal decomposition[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2006,21(3):1432-1441.
- [29]赵达维,刘天琪,李兴源,等.电网黑启动方案评价指标体系及应用[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(21):7-11.Zhao Dawei,Liu Tianqi,Li Xingyuan,et al.Black-start schemeevaluation indicator system and its application[J].Automation ofElectric Power Systems,2012,36(21):7-11(in Chinese).
- [30]Adibi M M,Fink L H.Special considerations in power systemrestoration[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1992,7(4):1419-1426.
- [31]林济铿,李童飞,赵子明,等.基于熵权模糊综合评价模型的电力系统黑启动方案评估[J].电网技术,2012,36(2):115-120.Lin Jikeng,Li Tongfei,Zhao Ziming,et al.Assessment on powersystem black-start schemes based on entropy-weighted fuzzycomprehensive evaluation model[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(2):115-120(in Chinese).
- [32]刘艳,顾雪平,张丹.基于数据包络分析模型的电力系统黑启动方案相对有效性评估[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(5):32-37.Liu Yan,Gu Xueping,Zhang Dan.Data envelopment analysisbased relative effectiveness assessment of power systemblack-start plans[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(5):32-37(in Chinese).