崔杨;刘柏岩;仲悟之;惠鑫欣;赵钰婷;

• 1:现代电力系统仿真控制与绿色电能新技术教育部重点实验室(东北电力大学)
• 2:电网安全与节能国家重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院有限公司)
• 3:国网山东省电力公司潍坊供电公司

摘要(Abstract)：

换电站(batteryswappingstation,BSS)作为电动汽车能源供给的重要来源,在日常运营中欠缺对负荷换电完成程度的考虑。提出了电动汽车积压惩罚机制,并构建了BSS与含风电微电网结合的联合系统调度模型。积压惩罚机制充分考虑了系统调度策略对于换电完成程度的影响,并将BSS换电完成程度反馈给系统调度层从而生成更合理的充换电计划。该模型以系统运行成本最小化为目标函数,综合考虑了电池供给约束和换电站电池充电约束,并通过优化软件CPLEX求解该模型。最后,在某微网系统下,对系统孤网运行和并网运行两种方案进行对比分析,验证了系统并网运行方案的优越性。同时通过灵敏度分析表明,适当调整初始系统状态可减少系统运营成本,提高风电消纳。

关键词(KeyWords)： 换电站;优化调度;积压惩罚;CPELX;风电消纳

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(51777027)~~

作者(Author): 崔杨;刘柏岩;仲悟之;惠鑫欣;赵钰婷;

Email:

DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2020.0202

参考文献(References)：

• [1]楚皓翔，解大．考虑电网运行状态的电动汽车充放储一体化充换电站充放电控制策略[J]．电力自动化设备，2018,38(4):96-101.Chu Haoxiang,Xie Da.Charging/discharging control strategy of EV charging-discharging-storage integrated station considering operational status of power grid[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(4):96-101(in Chinese).
• [2]高赐威，吴茜．电动汽车换电模式研究综述[J]．电网技术，2013,37(4):891-898.Gao Ciwei,Wu Xi.A survey on battery-swapping mode of electric vehicles[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):891-898(in Chinese).
• [3] Worley O, Klabjan D. Optimization of battery charging and purchasing at electric vehicle battery swap stations[C]//IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference.USA:IEEE,2011:1-4.
• [4] Ortega-Vazquez M A,Bouffard F,Silva S.Electric vehicle aggregator/system operator coordination for charging scheduling and services procurement[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(2):1806-1815.
• [5]李高望，钱斌，石东源，等．含插电式混合电动汽车的机组组合问题[J]．电网技术，2013,37(1):32-38.Li Gaowang,Qian Bin,Shi Dongyuan,et al.Unit commitment problem considering plug-in hybrid electric vehicle[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(1):32-38(in Chinese).
• [6]刘柏良，黄学良，李军，等．含分布式电源及电动汽车充电站的配电网多目标规划研究[J]．电网技术，2015,39(2):450-456.Liu Bailiang,Huang Xueliang,Li Jun,et al.Including distributed power supply and distribution network of electric vehicle charging station multi-objective planning study[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(2):450-456(in Chinese).
• [7]张立静，娄素华，陈艳霞，等．基于电池租赁模式的电动汽车换电站电池容量优化[J]．电网技术，2016,40(6):1730-1735.Zhang Lijing,Lou Suhua,Chen Yanxia,et al.Battery capacity optimization of electric vehicle battery swapping station based on leasing mode[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(6):1730-1735(in Chinese).
• [8]刘洪，连恒辉，葛少云，等．电动汽车换电站时序响应能力模型与充电计划制订策略[J]．电力系统自动化，2017,41(8):91-97.Liu Hong,Lian Henghui,Ge Shaoyun,et al.Time response capability model of electric vehicle battery swapping station and strategy formulation of charging plan[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(8):91-97(in Chinese).
• [9]黄敏丽，于艾清．基于改进布谷鸟算法的电动汽车换电站有序充电策略研究[J]．中国电机工程学报，2018,38(4):1075-1083,1284.Huang Minli,Yu Aiqing.Study on coordinated charging strategy for battery swapping station based on improved cuckoo search algorithm[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(4):1075-1083,1284(in Chinese).
• [10]张颖，容展鹏，张宇雄，等．计及运营特性的电动汽车换电站时空双层调度[J]．电网技术，2016,40(9):2616-2623.Zhang Ying,Rong Zhanpeng,Zhang Yuxiong,et al.Study on electric vehicle battery swapping station space-time double scheduling consider in it’s operating characteristics[J]. Power System Technology,2016,40(9):2616-2623(in Chinese).
• [11]王毅，麻秀，万毅，等．基于分时充放电裕度的电动汽车有序充放电引导策略[J]．电网技术，2019,43(12):4353-4361.Wang Yi,Ma Xiu,Wan Yi,et al.Sequential charge-discharge guidance strategy for electric vehicles based on time-sharing chargingdischarging margin[J].Power System Technology,2019,43(12):4353-4361(in Chinese).
• [12]崔金栋，罗文达，周念成．基于多视角的电动汽车有序充放电定价模型与策略研究[J]．中国电机工程学报，2018,38(15):4438-4450,4644.Cui Jindong,Luo Wenda,Zhou Niancheng.Research on pricing model and strategy of electric vehicle charging and discharging based on multi view[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(15):4438-4450,4644(in Chinese).
• [13]于娜，刘甲利，孙莉，等．电动汽车作为主动负荷参与需求响应的研究[J]．东北电力大学学报，2017,37(4):20-26.Yu Na,Liu Jiali,Sun Li,et al.Research on electric vehicle access demand response as active load[J].Journal of Northeast Electric Power University,2017,37(4):20-26(in Chinese).
• [14]潘振宁，余涛，王克英．考虑多方主体利益的大规模电动汽车分布式实时协同优化[J]．中国电机工程学报，2019,39(12):3528-3541.Pan Zhenning,Yu Tao,Wang Keying.Decentralized coordinated dispatch for real-time optimization of massive electric vehicles considering various interests[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2019,39(12):3528-3541(in Chinese).
• [15]蒋哲，韩学山，李志民，等．考虑换电站多元效益的风-车相关机会目标决策[J]．电网技术，2016,40(4):1134-1139.Jiang Zhe,Han Xueshan,Li Zhimin,et al.Dependent chance goal programming of wind-EVBSS considering its multiple benefits[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1134-1139(in Chinese).
• [16]胡澄，刘瑜俊，徐青山，等．面向含风电楼宇的电动汽车优化调度策略[J]．电网技术，2020,44(2):564-572.Hu Cheng,Liu Yujun,Xu Qingshan,et al.Optimal scheduling strategy for electric vehicles in buildings with wind power[J].Power System Technology,2020,44(2):564-572(in Chinese).
• [17]项顶，胡泽春，宋永华，等．通过电动汽车与电网互动减少弃风的商业模式与日前优化调度策略[J]．中国电机工程学报，2015,35(24):6293-6303.Xiang Ding,Hu Zechun,Song Yonghua,et al.Business model and day-ahead dispatch strategy to reduce wind power curtailment through vehicle-to-grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(24):6293-6303(in Chinese).
• [18]曹一家，苗轶群，江全元．含电动汽车换电站的微电网孤岛运行优化[J]．电力自动化设备，2012,32(5):1-6.Cao Yijia,Miao Yiqun,Jiang Quanyuan.Optimal operation of islanded microgrid with battery swap stations[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(5):1-6(in Chinese).
• [19] Li Y,Yang Z,Li G,et al.Optimal scheduling of isolated microgrid with an electric vehicle battery swapping station in multi-stakeholder scenarios:a bi-level programming approach via real-time pricing[J].Applied Energy,2018(232):54-68.
• [20] López,JoséL,Bernal-Agustín,et al.Multi-objective design of PV-wind-diesel-hydrogen-battery systems[J].Renewable Energy,2008,33(5):2559-2572.