基于WAMS/SCADA数据兼容和改进FCM聚类算法的PMU最优配置Optimal Configuration of PMU Based on Data Compatibility of WAMS/SCADA and Improved FCM Clustering Algorithm
吴星;刘天琪;李兴源;李从善;
摘要(Abstract):
针对当前应用于状态估计的广域量测系统(wide area measurement system,WAMS)和SCADA系统混合量测中相量测量单元(phasor measurement unit,PMU)最优配置点的选取问题,在分析WAMS/SCADA数据差异的基础上,提出一种基于数据兼容和改进模糊C均值(fuzzy C-means,FCM)聚类算法的PMU最优配置方案。采用大数据挖掘理念,通过改进FCM聚类算法对SCADA数据依据相关度分区,在分区内可观测度最大的节点配置PMU,各分区内采用该PMU节点的最优平滑系数进行Vondrak插值,得到满足兼容性的数据,应用于混合模型的状态估计。相对只考虑可观测度的PMU配置方案,新方案不仅可以实现WAMS/SCADA数据有效兼容,提高估计精度,应用混合量测的状态估计还可有效控制系统负荷快速变化时的估计误差。通过在IEEE 39节点系统上模拟日负荷变化,验证了该PMU最优配置方案的有效性。
关键词(KeyWords): 状态估计;SCADA;广域量测系统;大数据挖掘;数据兼容;改进FCM聚类算法;PMU最优配置;Vondrak插值算法
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51037003)~~
作者(Author): 吴星;刘天琪;李兴源;李从善;
Email:
DOI: 10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2014.03.032
参考文献(References):
- [1]KarlssonDanie,Hemmingsson Morten,Lindahl Sture.Wide area system monitoring and control[J].IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,2004,2:68-76.
- [2]丁剑,白晓民,王文平,等.电力系统中基于PMU同步数据的应用研究综述[J].继电器,2006,34(6):76-84.Ding Jian,Bai Xiaomin,Wang Wenping,et al.Overview of application researches based on synchronous data measured by PMUs in power system[J].Relay,2006,34(6):76-84(in Chinese).
- [3]段俊东,孙彦楷,尹秀刚.广域测量系统用于电压稳定在线预测[J].高电压技术,2009,35(7):1748-1752.Duan Jundong,Sun Yankai,Yin Xiugang.Voltage stability’s online prediction using WAMS[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(7):1748-1752(in Chinese).
- [4]鞠平,谢欢,孟远景,等.基于广域测量信息在线辨识低频振荡[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(22):56-60.Ju Ping,Xie Huan,Meng Yuanjin,et al.Online identification of low-frequency oscillations based on wide area measurements[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(22):56-60(in Chinese).
- [5]谢小荣,肖晋宇,童陆园,等.采用广域测量信号的互联电网区间阻尼控制[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(2):37-40.Xie Xiaorong,Xiao Jinyu,Tong Luyuan,et al.Inter-area damping control of interconnected power systems using wide-area measurements[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(2):37-40(in Chinese).
- [6]蔡田田,艾芊.电力系统中PMU最优配置的研究[J].电网技术,2006,30(13):32-37.Cai Tiantian,Ai Qian.Research on optimal PMU placement in power system[J].Power System Technology,2006,30(13):32-37(in Chinese).
- [7]丁军策,蔡泽祥,王克英.基于广域测量系统的混合量测状态估计算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(2):58-63.Ding Junce,Cai Zexiang,Wang Keying.Mixed measurements state estimation based on WAMS[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(2):58-63(in Chinese).
- [8]Bi T S,Qin X H,Yang Q X.A novel hybrid state estimator for including synchronized phasor measurements[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2008,78(8):1343-1352(in Chinese).
- [9]赵维俊,王荣茂,石文江.提高SCADA量测断面时间一致性的方法[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(20):103-107.Zhao Weijun,Wang Rongmao,Shi Wenjiang.The method of improvethe SCADA measurement section time consistency[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(20):103-107(in Chinese).
- [10]毛安家,郭志忠.与SCADA互补的WAMS中PMU的配置及数据处理方法[J].电网技术,2005,29(8):71-74.Mao Anjia,Guo Zhizhong.A practical placement of PMU in WAMS complemental to SCADA and data processing method[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(8):71-74(in Chinese).
- [11]王家林,夏立,吴正国,等.采用量子遗传算法的电力系统PMU最优配置[J].高电压技术,2010,36(11):2838-2842.Wang Jialin,Xia Li,Wu Guozheng,et al.Optimal PMU placement of the power system using quantum genetic algorithm[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(11):2838-2842(in Chinese).
- [12]彭春华.基于免疫BPSO算法与拓扑可观性的PMU最优配置[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(6):119-124.Peng Chunhua.Optimal PMU placement based on immune BPSO algorithm and topology observability[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(6):119-124(in Chinese).
- [13]蒋正威,曹一家,孙维真.基于0-1整数规划的多目标最优PMU配置算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2008,36(21):12-17.Jiang Zhengwei,Cao Yijia,Sun Weizhen.Multi-object PMU optimization placement algorithm based on 0-1 integer program[J].Power System Protection and Control,2008,36(21):12-17(in Chinese).
- [14]秦晓辉,毕天姝,杨奇逊.计及PMU的混合非线性状态估计新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(4):28-32.Qin Xiaohui,Bi Tianshu,Yang Qixun.A new method for hybrid non-linear state estimation with PMU[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(4):28-32(in Chinese).
- [15]卫志农,李阳林,郑玉平.基于混合量测的电力系统线性动态状态估计算法[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(6):39-43.Wei Zhinong,Li Yanglin,ZhengYuping.A mixed measurement based linear dynamic state estimation algorithm for power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(6):39-43(in Chinese).
- [16]薛辉,贾清泉,王宁,等.基于PMU量测数据和SCADA数据融合的电力系统状态估计方法[J].电网技术,2008,32(14):44-49.Xue Hui,Jia Qingquan,Wang Ning,et al.A novel power system state estimation method based on merging PMU measured data into SCADA data[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(14):44-49(in Chinese).
- [17]赵红嘎,薛禹胜,高翔,等.量测量的时延差对状态估计的影响及其对策[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(21):12-16.Zhao Hongga,Xue Yusheng,Gao Xiang.Impacts of the difference between measurement transmission delays on state estimation and the countermeasures[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(21):12-16(in Chinese).
- [18]李大路,李蕊,孙元章.WAMS/SCADA混合测量状态估计数据兼容性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(16):60-66.Li Dalu,Li Rui,Sun Yuanzhang.Data compatibility analysis of WAMS/SCADA hybrid measurements state estimation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(16):60-66(in Chinese).
- [19]Kyriakoulis N,Gasteratos A,Amanatiadis A.Comparison of data fusion techniques for robot navigation[J].Advances in Artificial Intelligence,2006:547-550.
- [20]李变.利用Vondrak方法处理GPS CV观测数据的随机噪声[J].计算机测量与控制,2006,14(7):953-954.Li Bian.Filtering random noise from GPS CV observed data with Vondrak method[J].Computer Measurement&Control,2006,14(7):953-954(in Chinese).
- [21]徐岩,刘金生,张亚刚,等.基于模糊聚类理论的电网故障元件定位[J].电网技术,2010,34(8):188-193.Xu Yan,Liu Jinsheng,Zhang Yagang,et al.Location of faulty power network component based on fuzzy cluster analysis[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(8):188-193(in Chinese).
- [22]张慧哲,王坚.基于初始聚类中心选取的改进FCM聚类算法[J].计算机科学,2009,36(6):206-209.Zhang Huizhe,Wang Jian.Improved fuzzy C means clustering algorithm based on selecting initial clustering centers[J].Computer Science,2009,36(6):206-209(in Chinese).